IMHO, speaking in layman's terms .....
Back pressure in directly related to the pipe internal air density, The more it is restricted, higher the density.
* Heat however also effects density, higher the heat = lower density, lower heat = higher density.
So .... By having a pipes outlet tunable, you can tune within a greater application of the pipe.
* A pipe hanging out in the breeze will run a LOT cooler that one enclosed under a cowl. So the thermal dynamics and it's effect on air density will differ between those applications.
??? This is only the tip of the why & how pipes work. Internal pipe back pressure also effects how a cylinder scavenges.
* So another twist is how engine is used in it's application, are you requiring very High torque or High RPM ?
A tighter stingered pipe typically makes more torque, but rev less .... a big stingered pipe better high RPM, but less torque.
It is a TUNING tool ... But one must play and do some R&D specific to the application pipe is used in.
It is not Black or White .... Sorry ;D
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On my own Rigger using a 2 inch band ACE pipe, it hangs off to the side in FULL AIR FLOW, and runs quite cool. Have found the smallest stinger to give the best performance.
It causes more heat to be created within pipe (Higher BTU's) and increases air density making better torque ... High rpm is not an issue here.
On my sport boat which also has pipe in the breeze, RPM is my need and high torque not needed. Here I use the Zero band pipe with a mid size stinger for best overall power.
(Note as RPM is increased, so is the pipes heat & gas flow threw it)
The O.A.L of both pipes are within 1/4" of each other.